“A Note on Descartes and Spinoza”, Philosophical Review 74 (1963), pp. 379f.( PDF, 11kb)

“Substance, Reality and Primary Qualities”, American Philosophical Quarterly 2 (1965), pp. 1-17. What is best in this article can be found much improved in the 1987 article “Substratum” listed below; together with this excerpt from Learning from Six Philosophers. ( PDF, 126kb)

“Berkeley and God”, Philosophy 40 (1965), pp. 207-21.( PDF, 84kb)

“The Simplicity of the Soul”, Journal of Philosophy 64 (1967), pp. 648-660.( PDF, 83kb)

“Strawson on Kant”, Philosophical Review 77 (1968), pp. 340-349. ( PDF, 66kb)

“The Age and Size of the World”, Synthese 23 (1971), pp. 127-46.( PDF, 110kb)

“Analytic Transcendental Arguments”, in P. Bieri et al. (eds), Transcendental Arguments and Science (Reidel: Dordrecht, 1979), pp. 45-64. ( PDF, 107kb)

“How Matter Might at First be Made” (with Peter Remnant), Canadian Journal of Philosophy, supplementary vol.4 (1978), pp. 1-11.( PDF, 45kb)

“Spinoza’s Vacuum Argument”, Midwest Studies in Philosophy 5 (1980), pp.391-99.( PDF, 67kb)

“Spinoza’s Mind-Identity Thesis”, Journal of Philosophy 78 (1981), pp. 573-584.( PDF, 115kb)

“Leibniz’s New Essays”, Philosophic Exchange 3 (1982), pp. 54-66.( PDF, 75kb)

“Teleology and Spinoza’s Conatus”, Midwest Studies in Philosophy 8 (1983), pp. 143-160.( PDF, 110kb)

“Glimpses of Spinoza”, Syracuse Scholar, Spring 1983..

“Kant’s Theory of Freedom”, in A.W. Wood (ed), Self and Nature in Kant’s Philosophy (Cornell University Press: Ithaca, 1984), pp. 102-112.( PDF, 105kb)

“Spinoza on Error”, Philosophical Papers 15 (1987), pp. 59-73 ( PDF, 91kb); “Spinoza sur l'erreur”, Studia Spinozana 2 (1987), pp. 197-217.

“Substratum”, History of Philosophy Quarterly 4 (1987), pp. 197-215.( PDF, 104kb)

“Locke on People and Substances” (with W. P. Alston), Philosophical Review 97 (1988), pp. 25-46.( PDF, 105kb)

“ Truth and Stability in Descartes’s Meditations”, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, supplementary volume 16 (1990), pp. 75-108.( PDF, 133kb)

“ Understanding Locke’s Essay, a review of Michael Ayers, Locke (London: Routledge, 1991), Times Literary Supplement 4642 (March 20, 1992).( PDF, 80kb)

“Eight Questions About Spinoza”, in Y. Yovel (ed), Spinoza on Knowledge and the Human Mind, vol. 2 in the series “Spinoza by 2000. The Jerusalem Conferences” (Leiden: Brill, 1993), pp. 11-25.( PDF, 53kb)

“Descartes’s Theory of Modality”, Philosophical Review 103 (1994), pp. 639-667.( PDF, 116kb)

“On Translating Locke, Berkeley and Hume into English”, Teaching Philosophy 17 (1994), pp. 261-9.

“Locke’s Philosophy of Mind”, in V. Chappell (ed), The Cambridge Companion to Locke (Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp. 89-114. ( PDF, 85kb)

“Mind and Brain the 17th Century”, Philosophic Exchange 24 (1995), pp. 81-92. ( PDF, 59kb)

“Spinoza’s Metaphysics”, in Don Garrett (ed), The Cambridge Companion to Spinoza (Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp. 61-88.( PDF, 113kb)

“Ideas and Qualities in Locke’s Essay”, History of Philosophy Quarterly 13 (1996), pp. 73-88.( PDF, 96kb)

“Space and Subtle Matter in Descartes’s Metaphysics”, in R. Gennaro and C. Heunemann (eds), New Essays on the Rationalists (Oxford University Press, 1999), pp. 3-25..( PDF, 128kb)

“Infallibility and Modal Knowledge in some Early Modern Philosophers”, in T. Smiley (ed), Mathematics and Necessity: Essays in the History of Philosophy (Oxford University Press, for the British Academy (Proceedings 103, 2000)), pp. 139-66.( PDF, 109kb)

“Leibniz’s Two Realms”, in D. Rutherford and J. A. Cover (eds), Leibniz: Nature and Freedom (Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 135-55. (festschrift for Robert Sleigh) ( PDF, 118kb)

“God and Matter in Locke: an exposition of Essay IV.x”, in E. O'Neill and C. Mercer (eds), Early Modern Philosophy: Mind, Matter, and Metaphysics (Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 161-182.( PDF, 114kb)